Knowledge about Abrasive Material and Abrasive Tools

Ⅰ. Introduction to abrasive material and abrasive tool

Abrasive is a collective term for abrasive materials and abrasive tools. Abrasives are known as industrial teeth. In grinding, abrasive materials or abrasive tools are often used as grinding tools to machine the parts to be processed to meet certain technical requirements.

Commonly used abrasives include cutting discs and abrasive grinding wheels, louver discs, quick-change grinding discs, grinding rolls, bonded grinding wheels, sandpaper grinding rings, non-bonded grinding wheels, sandpaper rolls and velvet roll, tungsten steel rotary file.

Ⅱ. Classification of brasive materials

Among them, abrasive products are mainly divided into two categories: corundum abrasives and silicon carbide abrasives. Specifically, there are basically the following types:

1. Brown corundum abrasive, the main component is Al₂O₃, with medium hardness, high toughness, sharp particles, relatively low price, suitable for processing metals with high tensile strength. Both microcrystalline corundum abrasives and black corundum abrasives are derived species.

2. The hardness of white corundum abrasive is slightly higher than that of brown corundum, but its toughness is poor. It is easy to cut into the workpiece during grinding, has good self-sharpening, low heat generation, strong grinding ability and high efficiency. The chromium corundum abrasive is its derivative species.

3. Single crystal corundum abrasive, its particles are composed of a single crystal, and have a good multi-edge cutting edge, high hardness and toughness, strong grinding ability, low grinding heat, the disadvantage is that the production cost is high, and the output is low, so the price is higher. Zirconium corundum abrasive is also a crystalline compound, with slightly lower hardness, finer crystal size, and good wear resistance.

4. Black silicon carbide abrasives, green silicon carbide abrasives, cubic silicon carbide abrasives, cerium silicon carbide abrasives, etc., belong to silicon carbide abrasives. The main component is SiC, which has high hardness, high brittleness, sharp abrasive grains, and good thermal conductivity, strong wear resistance, more suitable for processing hard and brittle metal and non-metal products.

Ⅲ. Uses of abrasive tools

Grinding, polishing, sanding, cleaning, cutting, drilling.